Premium Grade C11000 Copper Plate – 99.9% Pure, Superior Thermal Conductivity for Busbars, Transformers, and Heat Exchangers

Premium Grade C11000 Copper Plate – 99.9% Pure, Superior Thermal Conductivity for Busbars, Transformers, and Heat Exchangers

Products Specification

Introduction to C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper

In the world of industrial metals, few materials offer the unparalleled combination of electrical conductivity, thermal management, and intrinsic reliability of copper. Among the various copper alloys, C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) Copper stands as the benchmark for pure, high-conductivity applications. Our premium C11000 Copper Plate represents the pinnacle of this material class, meticulously processed to deliver exceptional performance in the most demanding electrical and thermal environments.

This product is not merely a metal plate; it is a critical engineering solution. With a guaranteed purity of 99.9% pure copper, it is the material of choice for engineers and designers working on high-efficiency busbars, powerful transformers, robust heat exchangers, and a myriad of other components where performance cannot be compromised. This guide provides an in-depth look at the properties, benefits, and applications of our C11000 copper plate, equipping you with the knowledge to specify the right material for your project.

What is C11000 Copper? Understanding the "ETP" Designation

C11000 is the standard UNS (Unified Numbering System) designation for Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper. The "Electrolytic" part of the name refers to the refining process, where impure copper anodes are electrolytically refined to produce high-purity cathodes. These cathodes are then melted and cast.

The "Tough Pitch" term is crucial. It indicates that the molten copper has been carefully controlled to contain a specific, small amount of oxygen (typically between 0.02% and 0.04%). This oxygen reacts with impurities during solidification, resulting in a denser, more uniform structure with superior electrical conductivity and hot workability compared to oxygen-free coppers. This makes C11000 the ideal cost-effective solution for the vast majority of high-conductivity applications.

Key Properties and Material Advantages

Our C11000 Copper Plate is engineered for excellence, offering a suite of properties that make it indispensable.

1. Unmatched Electrical Conductivity

C11000 is the international standard for electrical conductivity. It is assigned a 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard) rating. This exceptional conductivity minimizes energy loss in the form of heat, making it perfect for power transmission applications like busbars and transformer windings, where efficiency is paramount.

2. Superior Thermal Conductivity

Closely linked to its electrical properties, C11000 copper boasts an extremely high thermal conductivity of approximately 391 W/m·K. This allows for rapid and efficient dissipation of heat, a critical function in heat exchangers, cooling plates, and electrical components that generate significant waste heat during operation.

3. Excellent Ductility and Formability

Whether in the annealed (soft) or hard-temper state, C11000 copper plate can be easily formed, bent, punched, and sheared without cracking. This ductility allows for complex fabrication and shaping to meet precise design requirements.

4. High Corrosion Resistance

Copper naturally forms a protective oxide layer (patina) when exposed to the atmosphere, which inhibits further corrosion. This makes C11000 plates highly resistant to atmospheric corrosion, as well as many types of soil, freshwater, and seawater environments.

5. Superior Solderability and Joinability

The clean, oxide-free surface of our copper plate ensures excellent solderability and brazeability. It can also be readily joined using welding techniques, providing flexibility in manufacturing and assembly processes.

6. Non-Magnetic and Non-Sparking

As a non-ferrous metal, copper is inherently non-magnetic. This is a critical property for applications in MRI machines, scientific instruments, and electrical systems where magnetic interference must be avoided. Its non-sparking characteristic also makes it a safe choice for environments with flammable gases or dust.

Detailed Technical Specifications

The following tables provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of C11000 Copper Plate.

Table 1: Chemical Composition (ASTM B152 Standards)

Note: The high copper content ensures maximum electrical and thermal conductivity.

Table 2: Typical Mechanical Properties by Temper

Temper selection is crucial: Use annealed for forming and hard tempers for structural rigidity.

Table 3: Physical & Thermal Properties

Primary Industrial Applications

The unique combination of properties in C11000 copper plate makes it a versatile material across numerous high-performance industries.

1. Electrical Power Distribution: Busbars and Connectors

This is one of the most critical applications. The high electrical conductivity and excellent thermal dissipation of C11000 plate make it ideal for manufacturing low-impedance, high-current busbars. In switchgear, power distribution units, and substations, our copper plates ensure minimal voltage drop and efficient power transfer, reducing operational costs and preventing dangerous overheating.

2. Transformer and Motor Components

Within power transformers and large electric motors, copper is used for windings, cores, and other conductive components. The high purity of C11000 ensures maximum efficiency, directly impacting the overall energy efficiency and thermal performance of the transformer or motor.

3. Heat Exchangers and Cooling Systems

The superior thermal conductivity of copper is harnessed in a wide range of heat transfer equipment.

• Industrial Heat Exchangers: For chemical processing, refrigeration, and power generation.

• Automotive Radiators and Oil Coolers: Although often made from thinner sheet, plate is used for headers and tanks.

• Cooling Plates for Power Electronics: Used in EV battery systems, UPS systems, and inverter stations to draw heat away from sensitive semiconductor components.

4. Architectural and Construction Applications

Beyond electrical uses, C11000 plate is prized for its aesthetic appeal and durability. It is used for:

• Roofing and Cladding: Offering a long-lasting, beautiful finish that develops a characteristic patina over time.

• Structural Elements: For decorative inlays, accents, and custom fabrications.

• Lightning Protection Systems: Its high conductivity provides a safe path for lightning strikes to the ground.

5. Other Specialized Applications

• Welding Nozzles and Tips: Due to its high thermal conductivity and resistance to deformation.

• Magnetic Shielding: In non-magnetic sensitive environments.

• Machined Electrical Components: For terminals, contacts, and custom conductive parts.

C11000 vs. Other Common Copper Alloys

While C11000 is the premier choice for pure conductivity, other alloys offer different advantages.

• C11000 vs. C10100/C10200 (Oxygen-Free Copper): OFC coppers have marginally higher conductivity (102% IACS) and are superior for applications involving severe reducing atmospheres (hydrogen embrittlement) or very high temperatures where ETP copper can become brittle. For most standard applications, C11000 offers the best balance of performance and cost.

• C11000 vs. C14500 (Tellurium Copper): C14500 has slightly reduced conductivity (95% IACS) but offers dramatically superior machinability. It is chosen for complex parts requiring extensive milling, drilling, or turning.

• C11000 vs. C17200 (Beryllium Copper): Beryllium copper is a completely different class of material. It can be heat-treated to achieve very high strength and hardness (comparable to some steels) while retaining good conductivity (22% IACS). It is used for springs, bearings, and explosion-proof tools.

Fabrication and Handling Guidelines

To maximize the performance of your C11000 copper plate, proper fabrication techniques are essential.

• Machining: C11000 is relatively soft and gummy. Use sharp, positive-rake tools and copious coolant for best results.

• Forming: Annealed temper is best for severe bending and stamping. For simple bends, harder tempers can be used.

• Welding: All common welding methods can be used, including TIG, MIG, and resistance welding. Use deoxidized copper filler metals.

• Cleaning: To maintain its bright, shiny appearance and ensure good solderability, clean with non-abrasive, copper-specific cleaners. Avoid harsh chemicals that can cause staining or oxidation.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the difference between C11000 copper plate and standard commercial copper?
A1: "C11000" is not a generic term; it is a specific grade defined by ASTM standards, guaranteeing a minimum of 99.9% copper content and specific property ranges. "Commercial copper" can be a vague term that may not meet these strict standards, potentially containing more impurities that degrade conductivity and performance.

Q2: Can C11000 copper be used in high-temperature, hydrogen-rich environments?
A2: No. This is a key limitation of ETP copper. In atmospheres containing hydrogen, the gas can diffuse into the copper and react with internal oxygen, forming steam bubbles that cause embrittlement and cracking. For such applications, Oxygen-Free Copper (C10100/C10200) must be used.

Q3: How does the temper of the copper plate affect its performance?
A3: Temper directly affects strength and formability. Annealed (soft) temper is highly ductile and is used for complex forming. Hard tempers (H04, etc.) are much stronger and springier, suitable for applications where the part must maintain its shape under load, like a rigid busbar. Electrical conductivity remains largely unaffected by temper.

Q4: What surface finishes are available for C11000 plate?
A4: We supply C11000 plate in a variety of finishes to suit your application:

• Mill Finish: A standard, as-rolled surface.

• Pickled Finish: A clean, matte surface after oxide removal.

• Polished/Mirror Finish: For architectural or decorative applications.

• PVC or Paper Protected: To prevent scratching during transport and fabrication.

Q5: Why should I choose your C11000 Copper Plate over competitors?
A5: Our commitment to quality ensures that every plate we supply is fully traceable and certified to meet or exceed ASTM B152 standards. We offer a comprehensive range of sizes and tempers, backed by technical expertise to help you select the optimal material for your project. Our rigorous quality control guarantees consistent performance, lot after lot.