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ASTM A582 416 Stainless Steel Bar – Free-Machining Grade for Industrial Applications
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xProduct Details
| Products Name | 416 Stainless Steel Bar | Diameter | 10 - 350mm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length | 6m Or Cutting Any Length As Request | Surface | Black Or Polishing |
| Service | Cutting | Standard | ASTM DIN GB EN |
| Other Products | Round Bar, Square Bar, Flat Bar.etc | Technique | Hot Rolled |
| Highlight | ASTM A582 stainless steel bar,416 free-machining steel bar,industrial stainless steel bar |
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Product Description
ASTM A582 416 Stainless Steel Bar – Free-Machining Grade for Industrial Applications
Products Specification
| Products Name | 416 Stainless Steel Round Bar |
| Grade |
303,303Cu,304,304L,309S,310S,310H,316L,316Ti,316H,317L,321,329,347,410,416,420, 430F,431,440A/B/C,2205,2507,904l,254SMO,253MA,CD4MCU,XM-19,17-4PH,15-5PH,17-7PH,660,C276,600,601,625,718,800,800H,825,926.etc |
| Products Diameter Range | φ3mm - φ350mm |
| Length | 6m/pcs or cutting any length as request |
| Surface | Pickling finishing, bright finishing |
| Standard | ASTM JIS,GB,DIN EN |
| Service | Cutting |
| Other Shape | Square , Flat, Hexagonal, Round.etc |
| Loading Port | Shanghai Port |
| MOQ | 50 kgs |
ASTM A582 416 Stainless Steel Bar – Free-Machining Grade for Industrial Applications
Introduction
When industrial manufacturing demands high-speed machining, consistent dimensional control, and reliable mechanical performance, ASTM A582 416 Stainless Steel Bar stands out as a premier free-machining solution. Specifically engineered for automated production environments, this martensitic stainless steel grade combines sulfur-enhanced machinability with moderate corrosion resistance and magnetic properties—making it ideal for high-volume components in valves, pumps, fasteners, gears, and automotive systems.
Compliant with the ASTM A582/A582M standard—the specification for free-machining stainless steel bars for general applications—our 416 bars are produced under strict metallurgical controls to ensure uniformity in chemistry, microstructure, and surface quality. Available in both hot-finished and cold-finished conditions, diameters from 6 mm to 150 mm, and standard lengths of 3m or 6m, these bars meet the rigorous demands of modern CNC machining centers, Swiss lathes, and multi-spindle automatics.
Unlike general-purpose stainless grades, 416 is purpose-built for efficiency in mass production, where tool life, cycle time, and surface finish directly impact cost and throughput.
Why ASTM A582 Matters
The ASTM A582 standard defines chemical composition limits, mechanical properties, and testing requirements specifically for free-machining stainless steel bars, including Grades 303, 416, and 420F. Compliance ensures:
- Controlled sulfur (and sometimes selenium) content for optimal chip breakability
- Verified tensile and hardness ranges suitable for machining
- Consistent response to heat treatment
- Traceable mill test reports (MTRs) per EN 10204 3.1
Choosing an ASTM A582-certified 416 bar guarantees you’re receiving material optimized for industrial-scale fabrication—not just generic stainless stock.
Key Advantages of 416 Under ASTM A582
✅ Industry-Leading Machinability: Up to 3× faster machining speeds vs. 304/316
✅ Reduced Tool Wear: Sulfide inclusions act as internal lubricants
✅ Magnetic & Heat-Treatable: Enables use in electromagnetic and wear-critical parts
✅ Cost Efficiency: Lower labor, energy, and tooling costs per part
✅ Standardized Quality: Full compliance with global engineering specifications
Typical Industrial Applications
| Sector | Component Examples |
|---|---|
| Fluid Control | Valve stems, bonnet bolts, actuator rods |
| Automotive | Fuel system pins, throttle shafts, sensor housings |
| Agricultural Machinery | Linkage pins, bushings, wear sleeves |
| General Engineering | Gears, spindles, jigs, fixtures, dowel pins |
| Defense & Firearms | Bolt components, trigger mechanisms |
Note: Not recommended for marine, chemical processing, or medical implant use due to limited corrosion resistance.
Chemical Composition (Per ASTM A582)
| Element | Requirement (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.15 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.25 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.040 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≥ 0.15 (minimum for free-machining) |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 12.0 – 14.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.60 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
The deliberate elevation of sulfur forms manganese sulfide stringers that promote chip fragmentation—critical for uninterrupted high-speed machining.
Mechanical Properties (As-Supplied, Annealed)
| Condition | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hot-Finished | 515–655 | ≥ 275 | ≥ 25 | 160–200 |
| Cold-Finished | 620–760 | ≥ 310 | ≥ 20 | 180–220 |
Cold-finished bars exhibit higher strength due to strain hardening during drawing or turning.
Product Specifications – ASTM A582 416 Bar
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Material Designation | UNS S41600 / AISI 416 |
| Standard | ASTM A582 / A582M |
| Form | Round Bar (Solid) |
| Finishes Available | Hot-Finished (black), Cold-Finished (bright) |
| Diameter Range | 6 mm – 150 mm |
| Standard Lengths | 3,000 mm or 6,000 mm |
| Tolerances | Per ASTM A582: ±0.1 mm to ±0.5 mm (based on size/finish) |
| Straightness | ≤ 2 mm/m (hot-finished); ≤ 0.3 mm/m (cold-finished) |
| Surface Condition | Scale-free (cold), descaled optional (hot) |
| Certification | Mill Test Report (EN 10204 3.1), ISO 9001 |
| Packaging | Bundled, strapped, end-protected, seaworthy |
Machinability Comparison: 416 vs Common Stainless Grades
| Grade | Machinability Index* | Magnetic? | Corrosion Resistance | Max Hardness (HRC) | Best Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 416 (ASTM A582) | 100 (baseline) | Yes | Moderate | 38 | High-speed valve stems |
| 303 | 120 | No | Good | 25 | Non-magnetic fittings |
| 304 | 45 | No | Excellent | 20 | Food, chemical tanks |
| 420 | 60 | Yes | Fair | 50 | Cutlery, surgical tools |
| 12L14 (Carbon Steel) | 170 | Yes | Poor | 28 | Low-cost dry parts |
Machinability Index: AISI 1112 = 100. Higher = easier/faster to machine.
Insight: 416 offers the best balance of stainless properties and machinability among magnetic grades—ideal when you need stainless performance without sacrificing production speed.
Heat Treatment Capabilities
Though supplied annealed for optimal machinability, 416 can be hardened post-machining:
-
Annealing:
- 815–900°C → furnace cool
- Restores ductility after cold working
-
Hardening:
- Austenitize at 925–1010°C → oil quench
- Achieves ~35–40 HRC
-
Tempering:
- 150–650°C (avoid 425–595°C embrittlement range)
- Adjust for desired toughness/strength trade-off
Note: Dimensional stability may require stress-relief before final heat treatment for precision parts.
Cold-Finished vs. Hot-Finished: Which to Choose?
| Feature | Hot-Finished (ASTM A582) | Cold-Finished (ASTM A582) |
|---|---|---|
| Surface | Dark oxide (can be pickled) | Bright, smooth, scale-free |
| Tolerance | ±0.3–0.5 mm | ±0.02–0.05 mm |
| Strength | Standard | Enhanced (strain-hardened) |
| Cost | Lower | Moderate premium |
| Best For | Forgings, blanks, rough parts | Precision shafts, automated machining |
| Lead Time | Shorter (bulk stock) | Slightly longer |
Recommendation: Use hot-finished for cost-sensitive bulk orders; choose cold-finished when surface finish or tight tolerance reduces downstream machining.
Quality Assurance & Traceability
Every batch of our ASTM A582 416 bar undergoes:
- Spectrometric chemical analysis
- Tensile and hardness testing
- Visual and dimensional inspection
- Ultrasonic testing (on request for critical apps)
All materials are fully traceable by heat number, with documentation including:
- Mill Test Certificate (MTC)
- Certificate of Conformance (CoC)
- Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Is ASTM A582 the same as ASTM A276?
A: No. ASTM A276 covers general stainless steel bars (including non-free-machining grades), while ASTM A582 is specific to free-machining grades like 303 and 416, with tighter controls on sulfur and machinability performance.
Q: Can I use 416 in food processing equipment?
A: Only in non-wet, non-acidic zones (e.g., structural brackets). For direct food contact, use 304 or 316 with FDA/EC1935 compliance.
Q: Do you supply 416 bar with tighter tolerances than ASTM A582?
A: Yes. We offer precision-ground or turned bars to h8/h9 tolerances upon request—ideal for bearing fits or hydraulic rods.
Q: What’s the minimum order quantity?
A: As low as 1 piece for standard sizes. Bulk pricing starts at 500 kg.
Q: Is 416 weldable?
A: Not recommended without preheating and post-weld heat treatment. High sulfur content increases hot-crack risk. Consider 410 or 431 for weldable martensitic alternatives.
Technical Support & Customization
We support industrial clients with:
- Custom diameters: Metric and imperial (e.g., 1", 25.4 mm)
- Special lengths: From 300 mm to 6 m
- Value-added services: Saw cutting, chamfering, centerless grinding
- Material substitution analysis: Compare 416 vs. 420F, 17-4PH, or 303
- Global logistics: FOB China, CIF worldwide
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Pricing & Availability (FOB China)
| Diameter | Finish | Price Range (USD/ton) | Stock Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6–25 mm | Cold-Finished | 2,100–2,350 | Ready stock |
| 26–60 mm | Cold-Finished | 2,200–2,450 | Ready stock |
| 61–100 mm | Hot-Finished | 1,750–1,950 | Ready stock |
| 101–150 mm | Hot-Finished | 1,800–2,000 | Made to order |
Prices include certification and standard packaging. Volume discounts available for orders >1 ton.
Conclusion
ASTM A582 416 Stainless Steel Bar is the intelligent choice for manufacturers prioritizing production efficiency, part consistency, and cost control in industrial component fabrication. Backed by a globally recognized standard, enhanced machinability, and versatile mechanical properties, it delivers unmatched value in applications where stainless performance meets high-speed machining.
Whether you’re producing thousands of valve stems or custom pump shafts, our certified 416 bars ensure your machines run longer, tools last further, and parts perform reliably—batch after batch.
Request a sample, datasheet, or quote today—and experience the industrial advantage of true free-machining stainless steel.
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